Health Advices Blog

The diarrhea is very common in children, especially during the hot months of the year, although it can occur at any time.

It consists of the increased number of bowel movements decrease the consistency. The stools become more soft, liquid or almost liquid. Sometimes the color and odor of stools change, may be paler, with or without blood and mucus, or foul-smelling acid. Although most are benign diarrhea, mild and treatable at home when they are abundant can cause dehydration, especially if vomiting occurs also.

The most frequent cause of acute gastroenteritis. Involving infection of the lining of the intestines, usually by viruses, but it may also more rarely by bacteria and parasites. The most common viruses in our environment is rotavirus that primarily affects children between six months and four years. Enteroviruses are also common, other less common cause is food intolerance or allergy to cow’s milk or inability to digest lactose is milk sugar. Taking certain antibiotics by mouth may also cause diarrhea.

Only contagious diarrhea caused by bacteria, viruses, bacteria or parasites. The germ enters the child’s mouth through water or contaminated food or through his hands. The invading microbe is multiplied thousands of times in the gut, causing inflammation of the intestinal wall, it secretes fluids, mucus and sometimes blood that is expelled through the rectum with feces or without them, in the form of mucus and water .

Symptoms
The main symptom of gastroenteritis is diarrhea. A day or two before they can appear vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, food refusal and decay. After the diarrhea starts, unwieldy and often can lead to dehydration.

Dehydration is the most serious complication of diarrhea. It consists of excessive loss of water and salt from the body through the feces not only, also of vomiting and fever. Children with gastroenteritis usually no appetite, do not eat or drink or do so sparingly. The evolution of gastroenteritis is usually benign, particularly more frequent, caused by a virus. In these cases, diarrhea, fever and other symptoms last few days, usually between one and five.

Treatment of diarrhea
The treatment is based on the administration of fluids to avoid dehydration salts. These liquids are given in small doses, frequently 10 ml (one tablespoon) every 5-10 minutes.

There marketed low-sodium oral rehydration salts (low salt) especially for children, prepared in the form of bags with powders that are mixed with water or liquid ready, ready for use. Rehydration fluid can be made at home with a liter of mineral water or boiled water to which is added the juice of two lemons, the tip of a knife of salt, a knife baking soda and two tablespoons of sugar. It is recommended to replace oral rehydration solutions for queues based drinks, sports drinks or solutions for all these contain a list of sugar-salt-water unsuitable for rehydration of children, especially the infant.

If the child is small, less than six months and is receiving breastfeeding, should continue to receive the chest but more often, even every two hours. If you receive artificial feeding is normal bottle to drink less, do not force him to eat, not be left without food, continue feeding while still with diarrhea.

If you have older avoid foods with fiber and waste, must therefore not be given fruit, vegetables and legumes, but that starchy foods are digested more easily, for example, rice, mashed potatoes, noodles, pasta, bread and cookies. Avoid fried or spicy foods. You can take milk, yogurt, pasta, rice, wheat, potatoes, fish and meat.

When worry about diarrhea?
Check immediately if the child is very down, prostrate, sleeping excessively or with low response to stimuli. Also if any of these symptoms:

* If the stool has blood.
* If the diarrhea is continuous, very frequent and very voluminous.
* If you have vomiting blood.
* If the child does not drink oral rehydration fluids or if not tolerated or vomiting that are administered for several hours (3-4 hours).
* If you do not urinate for several hours.

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